Page 244 - FULL FINAL HANDBOOK 20232024

Faculty of Science Handbook, Academic Session 2023/2024

Quantum states and distributions: Density operator for mixed and pure states; Quantization of
electromagnetic field and Fock state; Coherent state, squeezed state, thermal state; Entangled
states: Bell's states, GHZ states; Generation of entangled states: PDC and beam splitter; Quasi-
-probability distributions & Schrodinger cat states.
Coherence and photon correlations: Hanbury-Brown-Twiss experiment; Field correlation
functions; First and second order coherences; Photon detection and interferometry.
Two-level atom-field interaction: Semiclassical treatment: Rabi flopping, Optical Bloch equation,
Bloch sphere and vectors; Full quantum treatment: Jaynes-Cumming model and exact solutions,
collapse and revival; Nuclear magnetic resonance and imaging.
Quantum Information: Quantum information theory and entropy; Quantum bits and
measurements; No-cloning theorem; Quantum cryptography and eavesdropping; Quantum
teleportation.

Assessment Method:
Final Examination: 60%
Continuous Assessment: 40%

SIF3021 COSMOLOGY AND GENERAL RELATIVITY (3 CREDITS)

Frame of reference, postulates of relativity. Galilean transformations, Lorentz transformations.
Time dilation, Length contraction, Doppler shift
Minkowski Space, Twin paradox, Spacetime diagrams, lightcones and causality
Mechanics, Invariance, relativistic momentum and kinetic energy. Four-vectors
Tensors, metric, energy-momentum tensor, parallel transport, curvature, Christoffel symbols
Energy-momentum tensor, electromagnetic tensor, perfect fluid tensor
Derivation of Einstein’s equations, Cosmological Constant
Schwarzschild metric, gravitational dilation, redshift, motion in Schwarzschild timeline, falling
into a Black Hole, Hawking radiation
Tests of general relativity: precession of perihelion of Mercury, deflection of light by the Sun,
gravitational lensing, observational black holes, gravitational waves
Cosmology, cosmological principle, Weyl’s postulate, Robertson-Walker metric, energy-
momentum of the Universe
Friedmann equations, Universe models, observables
Big bang, proofs of the Big bang, nucleosynthesis, expansion and future of the Universe.

Assessment Method:
Final Examination: 60%
Continuous Assessment: 40%

244