Page 160 - PG-Handbook23-24-finale

2.1.3 Abstract
An abstract is a short summary of the research report/dissertation/thesis. An abstract
should briefly describe the objectives of the research (problem statement), the
significance of the research, research methodology, as well as the findings and
conclusion of the research.

The Abstract page begins with the title of research report/dissertation/thesis (in
uppercase) that is approved by the faculty. Candidates are not allowed to change the
title without the approval of the faculty.

An abstract must not exceed 500 words, typed in a single paragraph with double-
spacing, and written in Bahasa Malaysia and English language. A maximum of five (5)
keywords should also be listed below the abstract (Figure 2.3).

Where the language of the thesis is other than Bahasa Malaysia [Malaysia] or English
[United Kingdom], an abstract in that language must also be included. The sequence
of abstracts is as follows:
▪ For research report /dissertation/thesis written in Bahasa Malaysia, the abstract in
Bahasa Malaysia is followed by the English version.
▪ For research report /dissertation/thesis written in English, the abstract in English is
followed by the Bahasa Malaysia version.
▪ For research report /dissertation/thesis written in Arabic, the abstract in Arabic is
followed by its version in Bahasa Malaysia and English.

The Abstract page is assigned Roman numeral "iii" and the following pages should be
numbered consecutively.

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