Page 199 - FINAL_HANDBOOK_20252026

Faculty of Science Handbook, Academic Session 2025/2026
involved and related tests and characterizations
techniques.
Assessment Weightage
Continuous assessment 50%
Summative assessment 50%
References:
1. Young, R. J. and Lovell, P. A. (2011), Introduction
to Polymers, 3rd Ed. Taylor & Francis Group.
2. Koltzenburg, S., Maskos, M. and Nuyken, O.
(2017) Polymer Chemistry, Springer.
3. Rodriguez, F., Cohen, C., Ober, C.K. and Archer,
L. (2015) Principles of Polymer System, 6th Ed,
CRC Press.
4. Gijsbertus. d.W. (2018) Polymer Coatings: A Guide
to Chemistry, Characterization, and Selected
Applications, Wiley-VCH.
5. Kohjiya, S. and Ikeda, Y. (2014) Chemistry,
Manufacture and Applications of Natural Rubber,
Elsevier.
SIC3046 OLEOCHEMISTRY
Overview of the oleochemical industry, research &
development. Introduction to oleochemical industry
in Malaysia and global. Raw material of
oleochemical industry. Synthesis and formation of
basic oleochemicals (building blocks) from
chemical and enzymatic industrial processes.
Synthesis, production and use of oleochemical
derivatives as surfactants, oil-based emulsions and
nanoemulsions, biodiesel, biolubricant, coatings
and paint, adhesives. Cosmetic, pharmaceutical,
personal care and makeup formulations.
Assessment Weightage
Continuous assessment 40%
Summative assessment 60%
References:
1. F. D. Gunstone, H. RichardJohn Oleochemical
Manufacture and Applications, CRC Press, 2001.
2. M Surhone, T. T. Mariam, F. H. Susan,
Oleochemical, Lambert Betascript Publishing,
2011.
3. G. Güngör, Chemistry, Materials, and Properties of
Surface Coatings: Traditional and Evolving
Technologies, DEStech Publications, Inc, 2015.
4. U. Moghis Ahmad, Fatty Acids: Chemistry,
Synthesis, and Applications, Elsevier Science,
2017.
SIC3047 PETROCHEMISTRY
Overview of petroleum refining and petrochemistry
industry. Crude oil refinery operations and
respective feedstocks and products involved:
crude oil distillation, catalytic reforming and
isomerisation, catalytic cracking, coking and
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hydrotreating.
Natural gas products (hydrogen, synthesis gas and
ammonia) and its production including steam
methane reforming, water gas shift, partial
oxidation, autothermal reforming and pressure
swing absorption.
C1 products (formic acid and its derivatives,
hydrogen cyanide, chloromethane) formation. C2
products (ethylene and vinyl chloride) and its
production. C3 products (propylene, isopropylene
and acrylic acid) and its production. C4 products
(butylene and MTBE) and its production. Aromatic
products (benzene, toluene and xylene) and its
production.
Conversion of benzene into ethylbenzene; styrene;
cumene; phenol; acetone; bisphenol A;
polycarbonate; aniline and nitrobenzene.
Conversion of toluene into toluene diisocyanate;
methylene diphenyl diisocyanate; polyurethane.
Conversion of xylene into phthalic anhydride,
terephthalic acid and dimethyl terephthalate.
Selected petrochemicals production mechanism as
such are discussed: propylene oxide (Dow
Process); cyclohexane oxidation to cyclohexanone
and cyclohexanol; cumene oxidation to phenol and
acetone; acetaldehyde oxidation to acetic acid and
acetic anhydride.
Assessment Weightage
Continuous assessment 40%
Summative assessment 60%
References:
1. J G. Speight. (2014). The Chemistry and
Technology of Petroleum 5th Edition. CRC Press.
2. M. André, Z. Samaras. (2016). Energy
and Environment. Wiley Online Library.
3. Energy & Fuels, American Chemical
Society (ACS Publications) (Tahun Semasa)
4. M. J. Kaiser, A. de Klerk, J. H. Gary, G.
E. Handwerk. (2019). Petroleum Refining:
Technology, Economics and Markets 6th Edition.
CRC Press.
SIC3048 PROCESS CHEMISTRY
Material balances (flowsheet, general balance
equation, material balance techniques, multiple
unit balances, chemical reactions).
Energy balances (energy balance equations,
estimation of enthalpy changes, reactive systems,
energy balance equations).
Fluid Flow (types of fluids, flow regimes, balance
equations). Heat Transfer (mechanism, shell and
tube heat exchanger). Process Control (objectives,
control loop, measuring devices, controllers, final